不同药剂处理对低夜温下番茄幼苗的影响

Effects of Different Chemicals on Tomato( Lycopersicon esculentum) Seedlings under Low Night Temperature

[目的]研究4种不同的药剂对低夜温下番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)幼苗的影响,探讨番茄幼苗耐低温的指标和易行的提高番茄幼苗耐低温的方法,以期降低番茄育苗生产中的加温成本。[方法]以番茄"L402"为供试材料,用50、100和200 mg/L的氯化钙(CaCl_2)、水杨酸(SA)、硝普纳(SNP)和壳聚糖(CS)处理低夜温下的番茄幼苗,清水为对照(CK)。测定其鲜干重、相对生长率和生理指标。[结果]CaCl_2、SA、SNP和CS均能增加番茄幼苗的耐低温能力,SNP、CS和SA的效果好于CaCl_2;叶绿素、MDA和可溶性蛋白含量与相对生长率存在显著相关,适合作为番茄幼苗耐低温指标;200 mg/L SNP和100 mg/L CS处理后番茄幼苗抗低温表现最强;4种药剂中,SNP促进耐低温的浓度范围宽,各项指标随浓度变化缓,易于生产上应用。[结论]叶绿素和MDA含量适于作为番茄幼苗的耐低温指标,4种药剂中,SNP更适合用于提高番茄幼苗的耐冷性。

[Objective] The aim was to study the effects of different concentrations of chemicals（ CaCl2,SA,SNP and chitosan） on the tomato seedlings at low night temperature,screen the indices of chilling resistance and provide the simple method to improve the chilling resistance of tomato seedlings for reducing the cost of tomato seedling production. [Method] The seedlings of tomato（ L402） as the trial material,were treated with different concentrations（ 50,100 and 200 mg / L） of four chemicals [calcium chloride（ CaCl2）,salicylic acid（ SA）,sodium nitroprusside（ SNP） and chitosan（ CS） ] three times under low night temperature. CK was treated with water. Fresh weight,dry weight,relative growth rate（ RGR） and some physiological indices of tomato seedlings were determined. [Result]The results showed that the chilling resistance of tomato seedling was improved significantly by CaCl2,SA,SNP and CS. The effects of SA,SNP and CS were better than that of CaCl2. The contents of chlorophyll,MDA and soluble protein significantly correlated with the relative growth rate,so they were suitable for chilling resistance indices of Tomato Seedlings. The chilling resistance of tomato seedlings with 200 mg / L SNP and 100 mg / L CS treatments were strongest,SNP promoted chilling resistance of tomato seedling within the wide range of concentration,and all kinds of indices of tomato seedlings that had determined changed slowly with concentration of SNP,so SNP would be applied easily in the production. [Conclusion]Protein content and MDA content are suitable for chilling resistance indices,and SNP is better for improving chilling resistance of tomato seedlings among the four chemicals.