试论雾霾产生的原因及防治对策——以西安市为例

Causes and Prevention Countermeasures for Haze: A Case Study of Xi'an City

[目的]探讨雾霾产生的原因,并提出针对性防治对策。[方法]通过阅读与雾霾有关的文献资料,掌握国内雾霾产生的原因及防治对策的研究现状,同时,查阅西安市气象局雾霾统计资料,浅析西安市近年来雾霾的发生情况和产生原因,最后从气象工作者的角度对如何防治雾霾进行探讨。[结果]西安市雾霾产生的原因有地形因素、气象因素、车辆因素、城市因素、煤炭发电;要防治雾霾天气,需要充分利用区域空气污染气象模式预报来提高服务的内涵和质量、提前给政府决策部门提供服务材料和合理的建议、为相关主责部门提供针对性服务、加速新产品的研发以及提供各种优化服务应对措施。[结论]要想防治雾霾天气,首先需要从雾霾产生的原因入手,采取有效应对措施。

[ Objective] To probe the generated reasons for the haze and propose specific prevention countermeasures. [ Method] By reading relevant literature, grasp the reasons of domestic haze and research status prevention strategies,while, the occurrence and generated reasons for the haze in recent years were analyzed by consulting haze statistics from Xi＇ an Meteorological Bureau, and finally from the perspective of meteorologists to discuss how to prevent haze. [ Result ] The generated reasons for the haze were terrain factors, weather factors, vehicle factors, urban factors and coal power generation. To prevention and control haze,it takes full advantage of regional air weather patterns forecast to improve the content and quality of services, provides service material and reasonable proposal to the government decision-making departments in advance,provides targeted services to the relevant primary re- sponsibility departments, accelerates the development of new products and provides a variety of responses of optimization services. [Conclusion] To prevention haze, we first need to start from the generated reasons of haze, to take effective countermeasures.