国家公祭背景下“南京大屠杀”历史的教学意义建构

Teaching Significance Construction of Nanjing Massacre under the Background of National Memorial

国家从2014年开始设立南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日并举行国家公祭仪式,凸显了对"南京大屠杀"这一历史进行教学的重要意义,以国家公祭为背景从情感、态度和价值观的维度来建构其教学意义就十分必要。中学中对"南京大屠杀"历史的教学意义建构可以紧密结合国家公祭从三个方面着眼:首先,通过对国家公祭的解读强调尊重历史的价值观,重视历史,不轻视、漠视和遗忘历史;敬畏历史,不亵渎、歪曲历史。其次,通过国家公祭强化史证意识,倡导多元叙事方式,贯彻求真求实的学风。最后,强调国家公祭的基本理念是珍视和平,"南京大屠杀"历史启示人们坚持以人为本、尊重人权、善待生命的人文主义精神追求。

China has set up the National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre victims and held a national memorial ceremony since 2014, which highlights the importance of teaching the history of the Nanjing Massacre and also makes it necessary to construct the teaching significance of it in the sense of emotions,attitudes and values under the background of national memorial. Closely combined with the national memorial, the construction is to be illustrated in the following three aspects： Firstly, emphasize the importance of respecting history values through the interpretation of the national memorial, including attaching great importance to the history without despising, ignoring and forgetting it, and meanwhile being awed by the history without profaning and distorting it. Secondly, strengthen the consciousness of history through the national memorial 1, advocate pluralistic narrative way, and carry out the practical style of study. Finally, stress that the basic idea of the national memorial is to cherish peace for the history of the Nanjing Massacre is to adhere to the people-oriented belief, the respect for human rights and the humanistic spirit pursuit of being kind to human.