对笛卡尔预设的批判与重建——兼论戴维特的温和解释论

Critique and Reconstruction of Cartesian Presupposition——On Devitt's Modest Explanation

传统的扶手椅哲学诉诸直觉的方法提供可靠的证据,其合法性问题一直以来都是哲学家们难以逾越的鸿沟。乔姆斯基从语义学理论出发,提出笛卡尔预设,为直觉证据的先天可靠性进行辩护。当前,面临实验哲学直觉的文化差异性研究的严峻挑战。戴维特试图从实验语义学出发,通过质疑笛卡尔预设,批判笛卡尔解释,提出一种经验负载的温和解释论,重建为直觉可靠性辩护的可能路径。温和解释论不仅使得传统的扶手椅哲学的理论重新焕发了活力,还为实验语义学的发展提供了一种可能的方法论。同时,温和的解释论也存在一定的局限性。

The traditional armchair philosophy appeals to the intuition as reliable evidence, but its legitimacy has al- ways been challenged, forming a big gap difficult to bridge. Facing the severe challenge of experimental philoso- phy, Michael Devitt attempts to doubt the Cartesian presupposition and criticize the Cartesian explanation so as to propose a modest explanation laden with experience to offer possible defense for the reliability of the intuition. The modest explanation not only revives the armchair philosophy, but also opens a possible way for the development of experimental semantics. However, it does have limitations.