技术风险感知视角下的风险决策

Risk Decision-making from the Perspective of Technological Risk Perception

技术风险具有客观实在性和主观建构性。技术知识不确定性以及技术实践的逻辑错位导致技术风险的客观实在性。技术主体根据自身的知识结构、生活背景、利害关系、风险距离、风险性质、风险态度、风险偏好、风险倾向等建构风险,因此技术风险是基于客观实在性和主观建构性的二阶函数。风险感知也受风险的客观因素和主观因素的影响,因此基于风险感知基础上的风险决策必须兼顾技术风险的客观性和主观建构性才能保证其合理性和科学性。

Technological risk does exist but meanwhile it is to a certain degree subjectively constructed. The uncer- tainty of technological knowledge and the logical dislocation of technological practice can sometimes really lead to technological risk. In the meantime, the subject constructs the risk according to their own knowledge structure, life experience, the stakes, the nature of risk, their attitude toward the risk, their risk preference and risk strategies. Therefore, technological risk is a second order function based both on objective reality and on subjective construc- tivity. Risk perception is also influenced by both the objective and subjective factors. Risk decision-making based on risk perception must therefore take both the objectivity and the subjectivity into consideration to be reasonable and scientific.