波普尔学说在中国的早期传播与影响

The Earliest Transmission and Influence of Karl Popper's Doctrine in China

卡尔·波普尔(Karl R Popper)是20世纪著名的科学哲学家,其学说曾引起世界学术界轰动,对当代社会产生了重要影响。关于中国学界早期引介波普尔学说的科学思想史研究中,一直延续着大量的模糊说法,对于波普尔学说引介入中国的时间、路径、领域和影响等问题尚缺乏了解。查找到的文献证据表明:第一,在时间上,波普尔学说进入中国始于"文革"之前,而不是"文革"之后、改革之初;第二,在数量上,"文革"前至少有近20篇文章引介波普尔学说,并非"仅有几篇";第三,波普尔哲学的核心内容"分界问题"和"证伪主义"早在1959年就被完整地介绍到中国;第四,波普尔学说最初进入中国学界的领域是历史哲学而不是西方哲学;第五,波普尔学说最初在中国是作为反马克思主义历史哲学的反面教材进行批判的对象。

There are some misunderstandings about the early history of the introduction of Karl Popper＇ s doctrine into China. Literature evidence affirms this. First, Popper＇ s doctrine was introduced into China before the Cultural Revolution rather than after it. Second, at least nearly 20 articles instead of ＂only a few＂ were introduced. Third, Popper＇ s ＂Problem of Demarcation＂ and ＂Falsification＂ were introduced into China in 1959. Fourth, Popper＇ s doctrine first entered into the field of philosophy of history, rather than the field of Western philosophy or Dialec- tics. Finally, Popper＇ s doctrine was criticized as opposing to Marxist philosophy of history in China before the Cul- tural Revolution.