职业体育比赛票务制度的公共秩序原则考察——以CBA辽宁飞豹篮球俱乐部“门票事件”为样本

Principle of public order for professional sports ticketing system: a case study of the " Ticket Incident" of CBA Liaoning Flying Leopard Basketball Club

公共秩序原则是公序良俗原则组成部分,在不同的法律领域内有不同的表现形式,对体育票务制度的发展至关重要。从对辽宁飞豹篮球俱乐部"门票事件"的个案研究中发现,打击倒卖比赛门票行为可以依据公共秩序原则解除门票买卖合同,但解除受到严格的条件限制。在不满足条件的情况下解约人应当承担违约责任,且对不同相对人的责任承当方式不尽相同。另外,公共秩序原则的一个重要内容要求在市场交易的过程中,门票的出卖人不得利用体育票务市场的支配地位实施垄断行为,其垄断行为多部门的综合管辖。最后,体育票务市场公共秩序的维护仅靠涨价打击倒卖比赛门票的行为不能起效。应当从制度设计入手,加快倒卖有价票证行为的刑事立法,同时采用市场、科技、交易等多方面的手段进行规制。

Public order principle, as part of principle of public order and good morals, has different forms in different legal areas, which is of great importance to the development of sports ticketing system. A case study of Liaoning Flying Leopard Basketball Club ＂ Ticket Incident＂ shows that it may terminate the sport ticket sales contract to crack down on speculation behavior in accordance with the public order principle but the condition is strictly limited. In case that it does not meet the conditions of termination, the party who cancels the contract shall be liable for breach of contract, and different counterparts shall bear different modes of legal responsibility. In addition, the principle of public order requires that in the process of market transactions, the ticket seller shall not use sports ticketing market dominance to implement monopoly and the monopoly is under the administration of muhi departments. Finally, higher prices to maintain the public order for sports ticket market transaction can ＂t work. It is suggested that criminal legislation for putting down negotiable certificates sale be speeded up from the perspective of system design, and at the same time, various means such as market, science and technology and trade be employed fi）r regulation.