形成权诉讼与形成之诉关系辨析

Analysis Concerning the Relationship between Action Based on Right of Formation and Action for Change

对于权利人依其单方意思表示即可使民事法律关系发生变动的一类民事权利,民事实体法学在理论上将其统称为形成权,而以形成权为基础提起的诉讼并非当然是形成之诉这么简单。事实上,在这一集合概念之下的各子权利,根据民事实体法对其行使方式的不同规定,以其为基础提起的形成权诉讼与形成之诉的关系也呈现出不同的样态,或为包含与被包含、或完全两立、或相互交叉。形成权诉讼与形成之诉在诉的类型、判决形式及判决效力等方面都有着较大的差异。

According to civil law, fight of formation is a kind of fight with which the civil subject can directly change the legal relationship by unilateral expression of intent . It＇ s not reasonable to equate civil action based on fight of formation with action for change. In fact, in accordance with different provisions on the fights of formation in civil law, action for change may include, of be totally different from, or overlap with action based on fight of formation. There are many distinctions between actions based on fight of formation and actions for change in type, the form and the effect of judgment.