慢性阻塞性肺疾病发生相关因素的研究进展

Advances of relevant factors to incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(CODP)是一种以气流阻塞为特征的慢性肺部疾病,病死率已经上升至世界第4位。CODP的主要特点为肺细小气道的持续性阻塞、慢性炎症反应及肺细小气道组织重建,这些因素导致通气气流减缓和肺泡弹性回缩力减弱。在我国,由于空气污染和吸烟等因素,CODP的发生率和病死率正逐年上升。该文从环境因素、细胞和亚细胞及分子水平,对CODP发生和发展的相关因素及可能机制进行综述。

The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is a chronic pulmonary disease featured by airflow obstruction. The fatality rate of COPD has risen to the fourth among all diseases in the world. The main characteristics are persistent obstruction, chronic inflammation, and remodeling of small airways, which slow down the airflow and weaken the elastic retraction of alveoli. In China, the incidence and fatality rate of COPD rise year by year due to cigarette smoking and air pollution. This paper reviews factors and possible mechanisms of the incidence and development of COPD from perspectives of environmental factors and cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular levels.