我国主要城市群环境绩效差异及其成因研究

Research on Environmental Performance Differences and Its Influential Factors of Chinese Main Urban Agglomerations

本文采用SBM方向距离函数和Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数，对2005～2012年我国十大城市群的环境技术效率和环境约束下的全要素生产率进行了测算，并对环境全要素生产率的影响因素进行了实证研究。结果表明：十大城市群环境技术效率平均值较低且差异大；从时间趋势看，十大城市群环境全要素生产率整体不断下降；空间分布上，东部城市群明显优于中西部城市群；技术进步是环境全要素生产率增长的主要源泉，多数城市群技术效率恶化；互联网、人力资本、财政支出、环境规制水平、研发投入、经济密度等变量对环境全要素生产率产生显著的正向影响；外商直接投资、产业结构两个变量对环境全要素生产率产生显著的负向影响。

By the SBM direction distance function and Malmquist-Luenberger index, this paper measures the total factor productivity under the restriction of the environment and gives an empirical research on the influence factors of total factor productivity in China from 2005 to 2012. The results shows： the average value of environment technical efficiency in top ten urban agglomerations is low and the difference is big; from the trend of the time, the productivity in top ten urban agglomerations overall declines ; from the spatial distribution, the east urban agglomeration is obviously superior to that in the midwest; the technological progress is the main source for the growth of environmental total factor productivity, but the technical efficiency in most of the urban agglomeration is deterioration; the variables of internet, human capital, financial expenditure, the level of environmental regulation, technology input and the density of the economy have a significant positive impact on the total factor productivity; but the two variables of foreign direct investment and the industrial structure have a significant negative impact on it.