论释放新型人口红利——基于人力资本价格视角

The Release of New Demographic Dividend——Based on Human Capital Price Perspective

在经济下行压力加大,传统人口红利逐渐消失的情况下,我国需要寻求新的增长动力。人作为一种特殊资源,开发潜力无穷无尽,而人作为资本,其价值可以用价格来衡量。人力资本所体现的价格越高,对经济增长的促进作用就越明显。本文在对我国人口红利现状进行分析的基础上,用人力资本价格来审视人口红利,阐释了人口红利的构成,从全面提升人力资本价格的角度来探讨释放新型人口红利的对策。从人力资本价格形成的各基点出发,可以在职业教育、健康、改善城乡二元结构等多个关键领域增加人力资本投资,为我国经济持续发展注入新的动力。

With increasing pressure of the economic downturn and disappearing of traditional demographic dividend, China needs to seek a new growth engine. As a kind of special resources, the human has an endless exploring potential. Also, as a kind of capital, it＇s value can be measured by price. The higher the price of human capital is, the more intense the accelerating role of human capital to economy is. This paper makes a basic situation judgment of Chinese demographic dividend, looks at demographic dividend in the view of the human capital price, illustrates the composition of the demographic dividend, and explore the countermeasures to release new demographic dividend in the view of improve the human capital price comprehensively. In order to provide a new engine to sustained economic development in China, our conclusion is that considering the basis points of capital price formation, the government should increase human capital investment in a number of key areas, such as vocational education, health, eliminating the urban-rural dual structure, etc.