局部晚期胃癌根治术后放射治疗研究进展

Research progress on postoperative radiation therapy in locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma

术后同步放化疗是局部晚期胃癌根治术后重要的辅助治疗手段。对于局部晚期胃癌根治术后淋巴结清扫小于D2范围者,术后同步放化疗可以提高局部和长期的疗效,为指南推荐的术后辅助治疗标准方案。D2术后是否需同步放化疗仍存在争议。来自亚洲的3项Ⅲ期随机分组临床试验表明D2术后同步放化疗安全可行并可能使部分患者获益;术后同步放化疗的作用仍需设计良好、检验效率充分的随机对照临床试验进一步明确。下一步研究的重点将侧重于筛选可从同步放化疗中获益的局部区域复发高危人群、进一步优化放疗靶区范围、探索应用新的放疗技术等方面。

Chemoradiotherapy is an important part in the adjuvant regimen for locally advanced gastric cancer after radical resection. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy has demonstrated a clear local control and survival advantage for locally advanced patients with less ／ than D2 lymph node dissection. Thus, chemoradiotherapy is recommended as standard of care in the postoperative setting. However, the role of radiotherapy for patients with more extensive D2 lymph node dissections remains controversial. Three phase III random- ized clinical trials in Asia show that adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after D2 dissection is safe and feasible and may benefit certain groups of patients. The benefit of radiotherapy in the case of more extensive surgery still warrants well-designed, fully powered randomized controlled clinical trials for verification. More studies are needed to focus on the identification of patient subgroups that are at high risk for Iocoregional failure and may benefit from adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Further optimization of target volume in the radiotherapy and exploration of new modalities of radiation techniques are also necessary.