核电厂数字化主控室操纵员的情景意识可靠性模型

Operator's situation awareness reliability model in digital main control rooms of nuclear power plants

情景意识(situation awareness,SA)是影响核电厂操纵员决策和绩效的关键要素,SA可靠性是人因可靠性分析的重要组成部分.为了对SA可靠性进行定量评价,通过与核电厂操纵员访谈,建立数字化主控室操纵员的情景意识可靠性分析的贝叶斯网络模型.在此基础上,建立情景意识可靠性的定量评价程序,并结合核电厂全尺寸模拟机实验数据和贝叶斯理论,更为客观地确定了影响SA可靠性的影响因子的条件概率分布,用于定量计算SA可靠性,并通过实例分析说明该模型的具体应用.结果表明,该模型能为数字化核电厂操纵员的SA可靠性评价提供更为可靠性的数据支持和规范化的分析程序.

Situational awareness （SA） is a key element impacting operators＇ decision-making and performance in nuclear power plants. SA reliability is an important part of human reliability analysis. In order to quantitatively assess SA reliability, the Bayesian network model of operators＇ SA reliability analysis in digital main control rooms is built by interviewing with operators. Furthermore, a quantitative assessment procedure of SA reliability is established, and the conditional probability distributions of influencing factors are more objectively determined on the basis of the full-size simulator experiment data of nuclear power plants and Bayesian theory. It is used to quantitatively calculate SA reliability, and a case is used to illustrate specific application of the established model. The results show that the model can provide more reliable data and a standardized analysis procedure to support operators＇ SA reliability evaluation in digital nuclear power plants.