无刷直流电机在电动转辙机中的应用设计

Brushless DC Motor and its Application Design in Electric Point Switch

简要分析了基于直流串励电动机的转辙机的缺点,提出了采用稀土永磁无刷直流电机驱动转辙机的方案。首先,通过对系统技术要求的分析,给出了其系统组成方案;其次,给出了主功率及驱动电路、正/反转判断电路、PWM波生成和逻辑合成电路、辅助电源等关键电路的设计,重点针对系统防雷击保护、抗电磁干扰等提出了解决措施;最后,给出了实验波形和测试数据。从样机的测试结果来看,满足铁路转辙机的各项性能指标要求,电机起动稳定快速、效率高、正/反转运行平稳,一致性好,大大降低了转辙机的故障率。

This paper analyzed the disadvantage of electric point switch based on DC motor with seriesexcited in brief, and put forward the method of used Rare Earth Permanent Magnet （REPM） Brushless DC Motor （BLDCM） to drive point switch. System methods and diagram were given based on technical parameters and requirements analysis firstly; then, the key circuits such as main power and drive circuit, forward ＆ reverse auto recognize circuit, PWM and logic synthesize circuit, auxiliary power supply were designed. The methods of protection against lightning strike and against electromagnetic interfere of system were put forward with great emphasis. Finally, the experimental waveforms and test data were shown. It can be seen from experimental results, that the proto reaches all the qualities required by the railway point switch. The motor starts fast and operating well in forward and reverse working condition, it has higher efficiency, at the same time, point switch fault rate reduced greatly.