北京山区3种典型人工林群落结构及稳定性

Community Structure and Stability of Typical Plantation in the Mountains of Beijing

根据鹫峰国家森林公园中的调查数据,对3种典型人工林群落(落叶松林、栓皮栎林、油松林)结构以及物种多样性进行了分析。结果表明:多样性指数Shannon-Weiner指数和Simpson指数分别对群落各层的生物多样性的表现一致,落叶松林中草本层物种多样性最大,栓皮栎林中灌木层物种多样性最大,而油松林中乔木层物种多样性最大。采用M-Gordon稳定性测定方法对3种人工林群落稳定性进行分析,发现3种人工林群落基本都处于稳定状态,群落稳定性由大到小的顺序为油松林、栓皮栎林和落叶松林,其变化趋势与整个群落的物种丰富的变化趋势一致,即群落中乔木层、灌木层以及草本层的物种越丰富,群落越稳定。

With the survey data in Jiufeng National Forest Park, we studied the community structure and species diversity of three kinds of typical artificial forest （ Larix gmelinii, Quercus variabilis and Pinus tabulaeformis ）. The diversity index were consistent with the Simpson index of the biological diversity of the layers, with the largest species diversity of herb layer in L. gmeliniiis plantation, the largest species diversity of shrub layer in Q. variabilis plantation, and the largest species diver- sity of tree layer of P. tabulaeformis plantation. We used M-Gordon stability determination to analyze three kinds of planta- tion community stability. Three kinds of plantation community basically were in a stable state, the community stability de- scending order was P. tabulaeformis, Q. variabilis and L. gmelinii, and the change tendency of the community stability and the whole community species richness were consistent. Therefore, the more abundant the communities in tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer species are, the greater the stability of the community is.