普陀区老年人日常生活活动能力及其影响因素研究

Daily living activities of the elderly and their influencing factors in Putuo District

目的 :了解普陀区老年人日常生活活动能力(activities of daily living,ADL)现状及其影响因素,为制定《普陀区区域卫生规划(2014—2020年)》提供依据。方法 :按地理位置、年龄构成分层,抽取3 600名60岁及以上的老年人进行问卷调查;运用卡方检验和多元线性回归对影响普陀区老年人生活活动能力的因素进行相关分析。结果 :普陀区3 556名老年人中,ADL下降的比例为24.72%,有ADL障碍的比例为15.72%,完全失去生活自理能力的比例为1.43%;ADL的影响因素为年龄、性别、患慢性病数量、子女数量、居住状况、婚姻状况、文化程度、医疗保险种类。结论 :政府决策部门在制定政策时,应对老龄化、文化程度低、离异、患多种慢性病、子女数量少及无医保的老年人给予更多关注。

Objective： To investigate activities of daily living （ ADL ） and their influencing factors about the elderly in Putuo District, and to put forward suggestions for decision making of Regional Health Planning 2014-2020 of Putuo District. Methods： The elderly in Putuo District who were 60 years old and above were stratified according to their geographic position and age; questionnaire survey were conducted in 3 600 samples selected. Correlation analysis were carried out about the influencing factors of ADL by chi-square test and multiple linear regression. Results： Within 3 556 samples, the pro^rtion of the elderly who had decliningADL was 24.72%, 15.72% had ADL problem, and 1.43% couldn＇t take care of themselves. The influencing factors of ADL were age, gender, chronic disease, children, living conditions, marriage, education and medical insurance types. Conclusion： It is suggested that the decision maker pay more attention to the elderly who are aging, less educated, divorced, suffering from multiple chronic diseases, with few children, and uninsured.