最美丽的商品:晚期资本主义的身体美学

The Most Beautiful Commodity:On the Body Aesthetics of Late Capitalism

马克思在《资本论》就指出资本主义具有把一切商品化的趋势,在晚期资本主义这种商品化与审美相结合,最成功的范例就是身体的商品化和审美化,资本主义充分发掘身体的感性潜力,将身体变成最美丽的商品。鲍德里亚对晚期资本主义身体美学的研究表明,消费主义逻辑巧妙地利用了身体的美学因素,建构起现代身体神话,在此神话中身体崇拜尤其是女性身体崇拜成为一种新的宗教。消费主义还把历史上的身体的解放意识形态暗中置换,使解放的身体落入消费主义的陷阱,沉溺在低浅感性的甜蜜享乐之中,失去了与现实的联系和批判意识。资本主义对人类感性的开发利用,提醒我们必须重新审视分析席勒、马克思、马尔库塞等美学中的感性因素,并对晚期资本主义的感性美学进行批判。

In On Capital, Marx pointed out that capitalism has the trend to commodify every- thing. The late capitalism has combined commodification with aesthetics, which can be exemplified by the commodification and aestheticization of the human body. Utilizing the sensual potentials of the body, Capitalism shapes the body as the most beautiful commodity. In his research of the Body Aes- thetics of late capitalism, Baudrillard has proved that the consumerism has utilized the sensual ele- ments of the body, and established the modern Body Myth, in which the cult of Body, especially that of female body has been evolved to be a new religion. Consumerism displaced the historical liberation ideology of Body, and entrapped the Body into the shallow sensual joy, so as to lose human＇s relation to the reality and the consciousness of critique. The capitalistic appropriation of human sensuousness urges us to review and consider the sensual elements in the aesthetics of Schiller, Marx and Marcuse, and criticize the sensual aesthetics of late Capitalism.