本科护生岗前规范化培训真实体验的质性研究

Qualitative research on pre-job standardized training real experience of undergraduate nursing students

[目的]了解本科护生对岗前规范化培训的体验,为构建基于岗位胜任力的本科护生岗前培训体系提供依据。[方法]应用质性研究中现象学研究方法,采用半结构式访谈法于2014年10月对在某综合性三级甲等医院实习的6名2015届本科护生进行深入访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料分析。[结果]通过阅读、分析,得出了4个主题,即对现有岗前培训内容的认同;岗前培训内容与临床需求之间存在差距;岗前集中培训时间较短;岗前集中培训形式较单一。[结论]本科护生充分肯定了岗前集中培训的必要性,认为岗前培训的内容和形式上可进一步改进。提示教学医院可在岗前集中培训后征求护生的意见,对培训的全过程做出科学的分析和判断,根据专业的发展不断修订培训大纲,从而帮助护生更好地融入实习工作,为提高临床护理教学质量和培养基于岗位胜任力的合格护生奠定坚实的基础。

Objective：In order to understand the pre-job standardized training real experience and provide the basis for the construction of the pre-job training system based on post competency of undergraduate nursing students.Methods：It used phenomenological research methods of qualitative research.It used semi-structured interviews and conducted in-depth interviews on six 2015 session of undergraduate nursing students which practiced in a comprehensive hospital on October 2014.Data analysis was carried out using Colaizzi seven step analysis method.Results：Through reading and analysis,they got the 4themes.The 4themes were the contents of pre job training of identity,gap between the contents of pre-job training and the clinical needs,pre-job concentrated training time was short,the form of pre-job training was single.Conclusion：Undergraduate nursing students fully affirmed the necessity of pre-job training.They thought that the content and form of pre-job training can be further improved.In order to help nursing students better into the practice work,improve the quality of clinical nursing teaching and to cultivate the qualified nursing students based on the position competency.It suggested that a teaching hospital should seek the opinions of nursing students after pre-job concentrated training,make scientific analysis and judgement of the whole training process,according to professional development constantly revised training program.