南充市三甲医院医务人员职业生命质量与职业紧张的关系研究

Association between quality of working life and occupational stress among medical professionals in 3 A grade hospitals in Nanchong City

目的了解南充市三甲医院医务人员职业生命质量(Quality of Working Life,QWL)的现状,探讨职业生命质量与职业紧张的关系。方法采用职业生命质量量表(Quality of Working Life Scale,QWL7-32)和职业紧张量表(Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition,OSI-R)对227名三甲医院医务人员进行调查并比较分析调查结果。结果 (1)男性的QWL得分显著高于女性(P<0.01);低学历组QWL得分显著低于高学历组(P<0.01);医生的QWL得分显著高于护士(P<0.01);高级职称组的QWL得分显著高于初中级职称组(P<0.01)。(2)QWL得分与职业任务得分、个体紧张反应得分呈负相关关系,QWL得分与个体应对资源得分呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。(3)不同程度职业紧张组的QWL得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),且QWL得分随紧张程度增加有下降趋势。(4)经多元线性回归分析,个体紧张反应(B=-0.418,P=0.000)、职业(B=-0.925,P=0.000)及职业任务(B=-0.176,P=0.002)与职业生命质量呈负相关关系。结论南充市三甲医院医务人员职业生命质量受个体紧张反应、职业及职业任务的影响,且职业生命质量与职业紧张呈负相关关系。

Objective To investigate the current status of quality of working life （QWL） among medical staff in 3A grade hos- pitals in Nanchong City, and to explore its association with occupational stress. Methods The Quality of Working Life Scale （QWL7 - 32） and Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition （OSI - R） were used to survey 227 medical professionals in two 3A grade hospitals in Nanchong City, and the results were compared and analyzed. Results The score of QWL was signifi- cantly higher in males than in females （P 〈 0.01 ）, in higher educational group than in lower educational group （P 〈 0.01 ）, in doctors than in nurses（ P 〈 0.01 ）, and in senior professional title group than in junior and intermediate professional title groups（ P 〈 0.01）. The score of QWL was negativdy corrdated with the scores of Occupational Roles Questionnaire and Personal Strain Questionnaire, but positively correlated with the score of Personal Resources Questionnaire （P〈 0.01）. There were statistically significant differences in the score of QWL among the groups with different occupational stress status（P 〈 0. 001 ） ; moreover, the score of QWL declined with the increase of stress levels. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that personal strain （ B = - 0. 418, P = 0. 000）, occupation（B = - 0. 925, P = 0. 000）and occupational role （B = - 0. 176, P = 0. 002） were negatively correlated with the QWL. Conclusions The quality of working life in 3 A grade hospitals in Nanehong City is influenced by personal strain, occupation and occupational role. It is negatively correlated with occupational stress.