效能水平与社区居民现场急救能力的相关性研究

The relationship between self-efficacy level and first aid ability of the community residents

目的分析效能水平与社区居民现场急救知识、态度及行为的相关性。方法采取分层随机抽样的方法选取唐山市四个社区1296例常住居民作为研究对象，采用一般自我效能感量表（（艇S）进行效能水平评测，自行设计的问卷对调查对象进行人口学资料及现场急救知识、态度和行为能力进行评测，并对社区居民现场急救能力的影响因素进行分析。结果自我效能高、中、低三组社区居民急救知识知晓率均较高，组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；自我效能高水平组的急救态度及行为方面正确率较高，大多在42．8％-85．9％之间，中、低两组急救态度及行为正确率较低，分别为27．3％-61．2％和14．6％-45．3％，三组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；logistic回归分析，结果显示年龄大、文化程度水平低、没有参加过相关急救培训是影响社区居民现场急救能力的危险性因素（P〈0．05）。自我效能高水平是影响社区居民现场急救能力的保护性因素（OR=0．556，P=0．000）。结论高效能水平有利于提高社区居民现场急救行为和态度的正确实施，提高其急救能力。

Objective To analyze the relationships between the self - efficacy level and the first aid knowledge, attitude and be- havior among community residents. Methods Totally, 1,296 inhabitants were selected from four communities in Tangshan City by stratified random sampling method. The general self - efficacy level was evaluated by General Self - Efficacy Scale （GSES）. The demographic data and the first aid knowledge, attitude and behavior were investigated by self- made question- naire. The influencing factors of the first aid ability were explored. Results There was no difference in the awareness rate of first aid knowledge among the high, middle and low self- efficacy level groups （P 〉0.05）. The correct rate of the first aid atti- tude and behavior was between 42.8 % --85.9 % in the high self- efficacy level group, which was significantly higher than those in the middle and low self-efficacy level groups （respectively 27.3% --61.2%, 14.6% --45.3%, P〈0.05）. Logistic regres- sion analysis showed that old age, low education level and never receiving the first aid training were the risk factors influencing the first aid abilities （ P 〈 0.05）, while high self - efficacy was the protective factor （ OR = 0. 556, P = 0. 000）. Conclusion High self- efficacy level is helpful to the correct implementation of first aid attitude and behavior and improvement of first aid a- bility among community residents.