完全睡眠剥夺对额叶反应抑制和冲突监控功能的影响

Effects of total sleep deprivation on response inhibition and conflict monitoring functions of frontal lobe

目的探讨完全睡眠剥夺对额叶执行功能的反应抑制和冲突监控功能影响的神经生理机制。方法将某军校36名健康男性大学生(19±1.6岁)随机分为睡眠剥夺组(SD组)和非睡眠剥夺组(NSD组),SD组进行18 h的睡眠剥夺,而NSD组正常睡眠,两组被试在参加实验18 h后完成视觉Go/Nogo测验,并同时记录32导EEG。结果SD组较NSD组平均正确反应时明显延长(F(1,35)=4.45,P=0.04)。Nogo刺激与Go刺激比较诱发明显的Nogo-N2波(F(1,34)=11.86,P=0.002)和Nogo-P3波(F(1,34)=7.49,P=0.01);SD组与NSD组比较,其Nogo-N2波幅明显下降(F(1,34)=6.32,P=0.02),潜伏期明显延长(F(1,35)=6.36,P=0.02)。而Nogo-P3的平均波幅与潜伏期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在18 h完全睡眠剥夺后,额叶执行功能中的冲突监控功能便明显受损,而反应抑制功能未见明显下降。

Objective To explore the neurophysiological mechanism of the effects of total sleep deprivation on response inhibi- tion and conflict monitoring functions of frontal lobe. Methods Thirty - six healthy male undergraduates were randomly as- signed to sleep- deprived group （SD group） and non - sleep - deprived group （NSD group）. The research subjects in the SD group stayed awake for 18 hours, while those in the NSD group had a normal sleep. 18 h after the beginning of experiment, a visual Go/Nogo task was performed; meanwhile electroencephalograph （EEG） was recorded. Results The mean correction re- sponse time of the SD group increased significantly compared with the NSD group （F（1,35） = 4.45, P = 0.04）. The amplitudes of the Nogo- N2 （F（1,34） = 11.86, P =0.002） and Nogo- P3 （F（1,34） = 7.49, P =0.01） were larger in the Nogo trials than in the Go trials in the visual Go/Nogo task. The amplitude of Nogo-N2 was significantly reduced （F（1,34）= 6.32, P= 0.02） and its＇ latency was obviously prolonged （F（1,35） = 6.36, P = 0.02） in the SD group compared with the NSD group. In contrast, the amplitude and latency of Nogo - P3 were not significantly different between the two groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions The conflict monitoring function of the executive control functions of frontal lobe is remarkably impaired after 18 h total sleep deprivation, but obvious decrease of response inhibition is not found.