青少年自我分化水平的影响因素及其与青少年心理健康的关系

Factors influencing adolescents' self-differentiation and its relationship with adolescents' psychological health

目的分析青少年对自我分化水平的影响因素及其与青少年心理健康的关系。方法以540例13-18岁青少年作为研究对象，采用一般自我分化量表、症状自评量表评价青少年的自我分化水平和心理健康情况；结合青少年家庭情况分析青少年自我分化的影响因素及其与心理健康的关系。结果多因素logistic分析显示性别、家庭功能、家庭结构、家庭教养方式、父母自我分化水平及受教育程度水平与青少年自我分化水平有关（OR=1．558、1．775、1．535、1．518、1．634和1．567）；Pearson相关分析显示青少年自我分化水平与症状自评量表评测的强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、躯体化和总分呈负相关（r=-0．672、-0．683、-0．664、-0．624、-0．632和-0．636）；与敌对、偏执的相关系数分别为-0．240和-0．224，虽然P〈0．05，但无临床实际意义。结论青少年自我分化水平受家庭中多种因素影响，应注重从不同方面提升青少年自我分化水平，以促进青少年心理健康成长。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of self- differentiation among adolescents and its relationship with adolescents＇ psychological health. Methods Five hundred and forty adolescents aged 13 - 18 years served as the research sub- jects. Self - differentiation levels and psychological health status of the adolescents were evaluated by using Differentiation of Self Inventory scale and Symptom Check List- 90. The factors influencing self- differentiation and its relationship with adolescents＇ psychological health were analyzed combined with the adolescents＇ family status. Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors related to the adolescents＇ self- differentiation were sex, family function, family structure, parenting style, parents＇ self - differentiation and parents＇ educational background （ OR = 1. 558, OR = 1. 775, OR = 1. 535, OR = 1. 518, OR = 1. 634 and OR = 1. 567 respectively）. Pearson test showed that there was a negative correlation between the adolescents＇ self- differentiation and the dimensions of Symptom Check List - 90, including obsessive/compulsive, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, somatization and total score （ r = - 0. 672, r = - 0. 683, r = - 0. 664, r = - 0. 624, r = -0. 632 and r = -0. 636 respectively）. No clinical practical significance was found in the bostility and paranoid （r = -0. 240 and r = - 0. 224） even though both P were 〈 0.05. Conclusions The adolescents＇ self - differentiation is influenced by multiple factors from families. It is necessary to improve the adolescents＇ self-differentiation from different aspects so as to promote their psychological health.