基于FDS的木制品仓库火灾模拟

Simulation of fire in wood products warehouse based on FDS

利用FDS研究同一火源位置下排烟口位置、喷淋设施的数量和补风口位置对木制品仓库火情的影响。设置5个工况分析排烟口位置的影响,设置9个工况分析喷淋设置的影响,设置4个场景分析补风口位置的影响。分析各工况下的热释放速率、不同位置处的温度、能见度。通过对比得知:排烟口位置越低,木制品堆垛初始燃烧速率越大,但最大热释放速率有所下降;喷淋设施数量越多,火灾中热释放速率增速越小,最大的热释放速率也越小;自动喷淋设施对体积较大的木制品堆垛火灾效果不明显;当补风口位于仓库侧面中部位置时,整个仓库内温度、可视度均匀,有利于仓库各个高度的人员的疏散。

FDS was used to study the fire in wood products warehouse under the same fire source location, different smoke vent location, different number of spraying facilities and different airsupplement location. Five scenarios were set to simulate the influence of location of vent, nine scenarios were set to simulate the influence of layout of sprinkler,and four scenarios were set to simulate the influence of location of air supply. The heat release rate, temperature and visibility at different location in each scenario were analyzed. It was found by comparison that： when the smoke vent located at the lower part of the warehouse,the initial combustion rate of stacking wood products was faster, but the maximum heat release rate declined. The more spraying facilities,the slower the fire heat release rate of growth and the smaller the maximum heat release rate. The automatic spraying facility had little influence on the fire of big size wood stack. When air-supplement located in the middle part of the warehouse, the temperature and visibility in the warehouse were uniform,it was good for people at each level of the warehouse to evacuate.