托卡马克研究的现状及发展

The status and progress of tokamak research

核聚变能是未来理想的能源。经过半个多世纪的不懈努力,随着国际上一批托卡马克装置成功建设和运行,磁约束聚变研究取得了一系列重大成果,具备了建造和运行反应堆级托卡马克实验装置科学技术和工程建设条件。基于这一共识,世界上一些主要国家共同合作,启动并实施了国际热核聚变实验堆(ITER)计划,希望通过建设和运行ITER,验证和平利用核聚变能的科学技术和工程可行性。中国的托卡马克研究经过近40年的发展取得了很大的进展。未来5年,将建立近堆芯级稳态等离子体实验平台,开展高水平的科学实验;吸收消化、发展与储备聚变工程实验堆关键技术;完善聚变工程实验堆的设计和开展关键部件预研,为在2020年前后独立开展中国聚变工程堆奠定坚实的科学技术基础。

Fusion is an ideal form of clean energy for mankind in the future. Significant progress has been achieved in research on tokamaks after the successful construction and operation of many large facilities, which have established a sound base for the tokamak reactor. The Interna- tional Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor （ITER） project has been launched with wide interna- tional cooperation to establish a solid scientific and technical foundation for the future demonstra- tion power plant reactor. Tokamak research in China has been carried out for more than 40 years and significant progress has been made since the last decade. Within the next five years, high level experiments, development of the key technologies for future tokamak reactors, design of the next engineering reactor, and theoretical simulations will be carried out to establish a sound technical base for the next step.