不同林龄日本落叶松人工林对凋落物与土壤理化性质的影响

Effects of Different Ages of Japanese Larix kaempferi Artificial Forest on Litters and Soil Physicochemical Characteristics

研究凋落物量以及其与土壤养分关系是森林生态学的重要组成部分。本研究通过对甘肃省小陇山不同林龄日本落叶松（Larix kaempferi）人工林（林龄分别为9、12、18、25、30年生）的研究,探讨日本落叶松人工林及土壤理化性质的变化特征,分析凋落物与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明：随林龄增加日本落叶松林凋落物年凋落量与现存量均呈递增趋势,9-30年林分的凋落量在2.97-5.96 t/hm^2之间,现存量在9.86-17.71 t/hm^2之间,凋落物的分解率随林龄增长呈递增趋势。日本落叶松人工林随林龄的增加,土壤有机质和全氮含量先增加后减小、全磷钾含量差异不显著,林地土壤从酸性到弱碱性、田间持水量增加。日本落叶松林凋落量和现存量及其分解率与土壤容重呈负相关,与土壤有机质、全氮、全钾、全磷、pH和田间持水量呈正相关。

The relationship between litter and soil nutrients was an important part in forest ecology research. Inthis study, Japanese larch（Larix kaempferi） plantations of different ages（respectively 9 a, 12 a, 18 a, 25 a, 30 a）in Xiaolong Mountain were investigated to study the effect of litter fall on soil physicochemical characteristics.The results showed that the annual litter production and accumulation increased with the stand age increase.The production was 2.97- 5.96 t/hm^2, and the accumulation was 9.86- 17.71t/hm^2, respectively. Litterdecomposition increased with the stand age increase. The content of soil organic matter and nitrogen firstlyincreased and then decreased with the stand age increase. There was no obvious difference in the content ofsoil phosphorus among different stand ages. Soil p H value and field capacity increased with the stand ageincrease. Plantation litter fall, standing stock, decomposition rate were negatively correlated with soil bulkdensity, and positively correlated with soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, K, P, pH value and the fieldcapacity.