玛曲高寒草甸沙化研究进展──沙化发展及自然诱因

Research Process of Alpine Meadow Desertification in Maqu——Desertification Development and Natural Factors

地处青藏高原东南缘的黄河首曲是黄河全境最主要的产流区、水源涵养区和水源补给区,也是世界重要的生物多样性保护热点地区之一。但自20世纪60、70年代以来,该区地表径流减少、地下水位下降、植被破坏、草场严重退化及水土流失等生态环境问题日趋严重,尤其是草地沙化问题已相当突出,引起了国内外的广泛关注。通过搜集国内外文献,在总结分析的基础上,明确了历史时期玛曲高寒草甸的沙化情况,以及近几十年以来该区域的动态变化过程,探讨了自然因素对玛曲高寒草甸沙化的影响,以期为进一步展开深入研究玛曲高寒草甸沙化提供依据。

Maqu County lies in the southeast of Tibet Plateau, it is the main runoff producing area, waterconservation area and water recharging area of the Yellow River and one of the important biodiversityprotection areas in the world. However, since the 60 s and 70 s of the 20 th century, the problems of overlandrunoff decrease, groundwater recession, vegetation deterioration, meadow degeneration and water and soilerosion increased seriously, especially the problem of meadow desertification. In this paper, the authorsintroduced the desertification condition in alpine meadow in Maqu, discussed the changing process ofdesertification and the effect of natural factors on desertification in order to provide the basis for furtherresearch.