生物质炭降低蔬菜吸收土壤中抗生素的作用

Effect of Biochar Application on the Reduction of Antibiotics Uptake by Vegetable Crop

采用土培方法研究了施用不同量生物质炭(0.75%、1.5%、2.0%)对初始污染浓度为25 mg/kg的土霉素、恩诺沙星、磺胺二甲嘧啶、泰乐菌素4种抗生素污染土壤中有效态抗生素含量和蔬菜对土壤中抗生素吸收及蔬菜生长的影响。结果表明:施用生物质炭可减缓土壤中抗生素的降解,但明显降低了土壤中有效态抗生素含量。在培养52天的土壤中,生物质炭用量为1.5%和2.0%的2个处理的有效态土霉素、恩诺沙星、磺胺二甲嘧啶和泰乐菌素的含量分别比对照下降25.29%与39.09%,16.39%与28.69%,16.97%与23.64%、17.76%与25.70%。施用生物质炭也可减少蔬菜对土壤抗生素的吸收,施用1.5%和2.0%生物质炭后,蔬菜中土霉素、恩诺沙星、磺胺二甲嘧啶和泰乐菌素含量分别比未施生物质炭的对照处理低23.11%与35.93%,15.89%与22.85%,7.64%与16.56%和16.79%与29.50%。与对照相比,施用生物质炭可增加蔬菜的生物量。

A soil culture experiment was carried out to study the effects of different biochar application rates of0.75%, 1.5% and 2.0% on the content of effective antibiotics in soil, the uptake amount of antibiotics byvegetables and the growth of vegetable. The soil was treated with 4 antibiotics（oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin,sulfamethazine, and tylosin） with the concentration of 25 mg/kg. The results showed that the application ofbiochar could slow down the degradation of antibiotics, but it significantly decreased the concentration ofavailable antibiotics in soil. After 52 days incubation, the application of 1.5% and 2.0% biochar decreased theconcentrations of soil available antibiotics by 25.29% and 39.09% for oxytetracycline, 16.39% and 28.69% forenrofloxacin, 16.97% and 23.64% for sulfamethazine and 17.76% and 25.70% for tylosin, respectively. Theapplication of biochar could also reduce the uptake amount of antibiotics by vegetable plants. After theapplication of 1.5% and 2.0% biochar, antibiotics content in vegetable reduced by 23.11% and 35.93% foroxytetracycline, 15.89% and 22.85% for enrofloxacin, 7.64% and 16.56% for sulfamethazine and 16.79% and 29.50% for tylosin, respectively. The application of biochar could increase the biomass of vegetable plantscompared to CK.