环状植骨结合牙种植技术的近期临床效果观察

Recent clinical observation of the effect of cyclic bone grafting combined with dental implant technology

目的:探讨对牙槽骨严重吸收的患者采用环状植骨结合牙种植技术治疗的临床近期疗效。方法 :回顾性分析本院口腔门诊2012年6月—2013年12月收治的21例牙槽骨量严重不足的患者诊治的临床资料,所有患者均采用环状植骨结合同期植入种植体技术治疗,术后5个月实施上部修复。于手术前及术后5个月对患者进行X线拍片,测量患者牙槽骨高度变化、唇舌侧骨吸收情况、上部修复后3个月的牙龈相关评价指标变化情况。采用SPSS17.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:21例患者植入21颗种植体,其中直径3.5 mm、长度11 mm的种植体15颗,直径3.5 mm、长度14 mm的种植体6颗。21例骨环术后5个月存活20例,存活率为95.24%,1例因骨环感染、暴露后取出;种植体存留率为100%,无脱落;骨高度增加量(6.74±2.31)mm、骨吸收量(2.62±1.66)mm、种植体颈部唇舌向宽度(7.53±0.73)mm。21颗种植牙中,舌侧和唇侧的骨吸收量分别为(2.81±1.05)mm和(2.46±0.92)mm;两侧骨吸收量差异无显著性(P>0.05);21颗种植牙的PD值为(1.76±0.41)mm与邻近牙(1.70±0.33)mm相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。21例患者手术伤口均一期愈合,未发生口唇麻木、牙龈坏死、病理性骨折、颏部歪斜等并发症,仅有2例患者在术后第4个月有轻微的颏部感觉异常,未经特殊处理,2个月后逐渐消失。术后满意度调查,21例患者中,19例表示非常满意,2例表示满意,无不满意患者,满意率达100%。结论:牙槽骨严重缺损的患者采用环状植骨结合牙种植技术具有手术操作相对简单,近期疗效可靠的特点。

PURPOSE： To evaluate the short term clinical outcomes of bone ring in severe alveolar bone absorption patients. METHODS： From June 2012 to December 2013, twenty-one patients with severe alveolar bone absorption received implant placement with bone ring technique. CT scanning was taken before surgery and 5 months after implantation. The alveolar bone height, sagittal bone absorption and gingiva changes were measured 3 months after final restoration. The data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS： Postoperative healing was uneventful in 20 patients while 1 implant lost due to bone ring infection, the survival rate was 95.24%. The alveolar bone height increased （6.74±2.31） ram, while the bone absorbed （2.62±1.66） mm. The sagittal bone thickness was （7.53~0.73） ram. Lingual and labial bone loss was （2.81±1.05） mm and （2.46±0.92） mm, respectively, the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. The PD value of implant was （1.76±0.41） mm and the adjacent tooth （1.70±0.33） mm, the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. No significant complication occurred. All patients were satisfied with the surgery. CONCLUSIONS： The bone ring technique in severe alveolar bone absorotion natients is reliable andrelatively simple.