COX-2与骨代谢关系的研究进展

Research progress of the relationship between COX-2 and bone formation

环氧化酶2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)是花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid,AA)合成前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)的限速酶,通过对PGE2的调控,COX-2能够对骨代谢中骨形成和骨吸收产生多种不同的作用。同时,COX-2也能通过参与多条信号转导途径,影响骨的形成,包括G蛋白α亚基(guanine nucleotide-binding proteins alpha s,Gαs)信号通路、促丝裂原激活蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPKs)通路以及核因子受体激活物配基(receptor activator of nuclear factorκB ligand,RANKL)信号通路。COX-2的产生由多种因素诱导,并可被其抑制剂如非甾体类抗炎药(non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAID)抑制。这些因素能调控COX-2的产量并最终作用于骨组织。本文就COX-2与骨形成的关系及其在相关临床应用上的展望进行介绍。

[Summary] Cyelooxygenase-2 （COX-2） is the rate-limiting enzyme of arachidonic acid （AA） synthesizing prostaglandin E2 （PGE2）. It has various effects on bone metabolism that stimulate both bone resorption and formation through regulation of PGE2. Meanwhile, COX-2 can work by the participation of multiple signal transduction pathways in bone formation, including Gcts signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinases （MAPKs） pathway and receptor activator of nuclear factor KB ligand （RANKL） signaling pathway. COX-2 was induced by many factors, and can be inhibited by the inhibitors such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （NSAIDs）. These factors can regulate the production of COX-2 and consequently have impact on bone tissue. The main purpose of the article was to introduce the relationship between COX- 2 and bone formation and its potential clinical applications.