水下潜器导管螺旋桨在转艏摆动中的推力特性分析

Analysis of Thrust Characteristics of Ducted Propeller in Underwater Vehicle with Yawing Motion

采用多重滑移网格技术和计算流体力学(CFD)方法对作为水下潜器主要控制机构的导管螺旋桨在水下潜器各子系统流场影响下作转艏摆动时的推进特性进行数值模拟,研究了潜器组合体流场对导管螺旋桨所发出的推力的影响,对水下潜器系统中导管螺旋桨在其转艏摆动中的所发出的推力的规律进行了总结,并分析了水下潜器组合体与导管螺旋桨的水动力相互影响因素.计算结果表明:水下潜器组合体流场对导管螺旋桨的推进特性有不可忽略的影响,其中导管螺旋桨前端的鱼雷状浮体是影响其推进特性的主要因素,在其水动力相互影响区域长度范围内,浮体与螺旋桨之间轴向距离越小,螺旋桨所发出的推进力越大;鱼雷状浮体对导管螺旋桨推进特性的影响主要是通过改变螺旋桨盘面处的进速来体现.在研究水下潜器系统中导管螺旋桨推进力特性时,只有将潜器组合体与所研究的导管螺旋桨组合成为一个整体、同时将这样一个组合整体结合到水下潜器系统具体的运转环境来进行计算才能得到一种符合工程实际的结果.

In the investigation,the CFD approach and the multi sliding mesh technique are used to numerically simulate the thrust characteristics of a ducted propeller in an underwater vehicle with a yawing motion,in which the ducted propeller is utilized as the major control mechanism to manipulate the vehicle and the propeller running motion is influenced by the fluid field of the components of the vehicle. Then,the effect of the underwater vehicle assembly on the thrust of the ducted propeller is discussed,and the law of issuing thrust of the ducted propeller in the vehicle with a yawing motion is examined. Moreover,the hydrodynamic interaction between the ducted propeller and the vehicle assembly is analyzed. Simulation results indicate that( 1) the fluid field of the underwater vehicle assembly has a non-ignorable effect on the thrust characteristics of the ducted propeller,of which the torpedoshaped buoyant hull on the front of the ducted propeller is the major factor affecting its thrust characteristics;( 2)within the hydrodynamic interaction region,the smaller the axial distance between the buoyant hull and the ducted propeller,the greater the thrust issued by the ducted propeller will be; and( 3) the effect of the torpedo-shaped buoyant hull on the thrust characteristics of the ducted propeller is mainly exhibited by altering the rate of advance on the ducted propeller disk. When the thrust characteristics of the ducted propeller in the underwater vehicle system is discussed,only by taking the vehicle and the ducted propeller as an integrated assembly and by incorporating such an integrated assembly with the specific environment of the underwater vehicle system to conduct relevant computation,can the results in accordance with engineering application be achieved.