广东省能见度仪观测网优化设计

The Optimization of Visibility Monitoring Network in Guangdong

针对广东省的能见度观测展开研究,提出了适用于能见度观测布局适应性分布研究的新方案,旨在为器测替代目测的能见度监测网提供建议。研究表明:利用广东省86个地面气象观测站的2009—2011年能见度和相对湿度日平均值资料,计算得到了品质因数(figure of merit,FOM指数)和空间影响范围因数(sphere of influence,SOI指数),并以此为依据对现有的能见度站点进行排名和分类。再根据确定的标准遴选所需站点,筛选时,如果排名低的站点影响的范围内超过50%的区域被排名高的站点影响范围所覆盖,则剔除此排名低的站点。筛选得到广东省能见度仪观测站网需要的最少站点数为43个。考虑到地形以及增加背景站等因素,最后综合考虑广东省能见度仪观测站网所需要的站点数为51个,该结果可为器测能见度观测站网建设提供参考。

Visibility is an important indicator to measure the atmospheric transparency conditions,which not only reflects the regional air quality conditions,but also closely relates to human life.Under current visibility conditions,it is crucial to implement an extensive long term stations for visibility monitoring network to track changes in visibility and determine causal mechanism for the visibility impairment in the region.The visibility observation network in Guangdong includes artificial monitoring network and the visibility sensor network.Artificial visibility observation is carried out at 86 meteorological stations every day,instrument observation is carried out at 39 stations,and the spatial distribution of stations is intensive but quite uneven.Therefore,a new method is carried out aiming at the optimization the overall arrangement of visibility monitoring network.Based on the dataset(daily visibility and relative humidity from the 86 meteorological stations in Guangdong),the method can be applied to optimization of the overall arrangement of the establishing operational visibility sensor network in Guangdong,which will substitute the artificial monitoring network.The figure-of-merit(FOM) and the spheres of influence(SOI) are calculated,and the most desirable location is ranked and identified using the resultant FOM field.The spatial coverage for each of stations is determined by the SOI.The determination of the minimum number of stations required is carried out by deleting lower ranking stations if more than 50%of its effecting area is covered by higher ranking stations.Besides,taking the local terrain,background stations,and other factors into account,it's suggested 51 stations are required.Above results can be applied in establishing operational visibility sensor network in Guangdong,which will substitute the artificial monitoring network.The related methods are also applicable to the overall arrangement for monitoring network of other variables.