对贞卜辞中部件相同位置不同的字例研究

The Study on Allograph Phenomena in the Symmetry Inscriptions

对贞卜辞作为甲骨文中的特殊文例形式,是从正面和反面卜问同一件事情的两条卜辞。正贞和反贞中存在同字异形现象。其中,部件相同位置不同的字有145例,独体字35个,合体字110个。合体字中左右结构与上下结构的字分别有49和34个,是两种主要的部件组合形式。通过整理这些字例,可以发现甲骨文字共时字用的特点与性质。这种现象形成的原因是多方面的,早期文字的象形性是其根本原因。

The symmetry inscriptions, which inquire one thing from the positive and the negative, are different in the aspect of characters. Allograph phenomena exist in the positive and negative asking. There are 145 alien characters whose components are same, while places are different. Among them, there are 35 single characters and 110 multi-component characters. The left -right structure characters and the up -down characters respectively account for 49 and 34. They are the combination of the two main forms. Through example, sorting out these characters in the inscriptions, we can discover synchronic characters with the characteristics and properties. This phenomenon attributes to different causes, among which early Chinese character＇s pictography can be the essential cause.