中国农村居民医疗保健支出的影响因素

Influencing Factors of the Health Care Expenditure of Rural Residents in China

本文采用2001—2011年连续11年的面板数据进行分析,发现影响农村居民医疗保健支出的因素有多种,其中比较重要的正向影响因素是老年人口比例(老年人口抚养比)、收入(特别是家庭经营纯收入)、医疗保健价格分类指数、新农合进度以及区域因素中的西北地区;比较重要的负向影响因素是环境卫生状况和区域影响因素中的中南地区、华东地区和西南地区。针对以上分析结论,本文提出了一系列建议:增加对农村老人医疗保健的补贴性支出,加大对农村地区的公共环境卫生治理,增加农村居民的收入,扩大基本药物目录、降低医药价格,进一步完善新农合制度,加大对西北等生活生存条件恶劣地区的补贴。

Analysis in this article use the successive eleven - year panel data from 2001 to 2011, finding that there are various factors affecting the rural residents＇ health care expenditure. The positive impacts include the proportion of aged population （the dependency ratio of aged population）, income （especially the net income of family business）, the medical care classifi- cation price index, the new rural cooperative medical system progress and the regional factors; The negative impact refers to environmental health condition; in the region variables, the differences in the South Central China and northwest regions are more significant. The influence of the South Central China is negative while the influence of the northwest regions is positive. According to the above analysis and conclusion, this article puts forward some suggestions.