不同碳源材料对设施土壤碳氮状况及作物生长影响研究

Influence of Carbon Materials from Different Sources on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Condition and Crop Growth in Greenhouse

研究旨在改善设施土壤碳氮状况,提升菜田土壤质量,以期提高蔬菜产量与品质,对促进菜田可持续发展具有重要意义。通过施用天然木本泥炭、人工木本生物炭、人工草本生物炭等不同碳源材料研究设施菜田土壤碳氮变化及作物生长影响,分析不同材料的碳氮调控影响。研究结果表明：在0-30 cm土层,土壤有机碳改善效果依次为：处理3〉处理2〉处理1〉处理4。土壤全氮含量表现为：处理2〉处理1〉处理3〉处理4,添加碳源物质的处理较处理4土壤全氮含量提高13.8%-15.9%。土壤C/N比值依次为：处理3〉处理2〉处理1〉处理4,施碳处理均提高了土壤C/N比值,且施入碳量越高对提高C/N越明显,而3种不同碳源材料对深层土壤碳、氮影响不明显。处理2产量最高,较对照增长了11.87%。处理3促进根部生长明显。各处理对菠菜综合品质的影响依次为处理2〉处理3〉处理1〉处理4。施加碳源材料可以补充土壤碳素,同时可调节土壤氮素的转化与吸收,土壤碳氮失衡问题得到改善,最终对提高蔬菜产量与改善品质有较大促进作用。

To improve soil carbon and nitrogen condition in greenhouse, and soil quality in vegetable field wereimportant to raise the yield and quality of vegetables and ensure the sustainable development of vegetablefields. Carbon source materials like natural and artificial woods and artificial herbs were applied to vegetablefields to analyze the influence of C and N control on soil carbon and nitrogen change and the crop growth. Theresults showed that the promoting effect of organic carbon followed the order of T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in 0-30 cmsoil layer. The total nitrogen content followed the order of T2〉T1〉T3〉T4. The total nitrogen content of thetreatment added with carbon source increased by 13.8%-15.9% compared with that of T4. The ratio of C/Nfollowed the order of T3T2T1T4 and the application of carbon source could increase the ratio of C/N,and the ratio increased with the increase of the application amount. These 3 kinds of carbon sources had nosignificant influence on carbon and nitrogen in deep soil layer. The yield of T2 was the highest, whichincreased by 11.87% compared with that of CK. T3 promoted the roots growth evidently. The comprehensivequality of the vegetable followed the order of T2〉T3〉T1〉T4. The application of carbon materials couldsupply soil carbon and regulate the transformation and absorption of soil nitrogen. Furthermore, the unbalance of C and N could be improved, thus to raise the yield and quality of vegetables.