群众参与:探索村民自治基本单元的主体基础

Mass participation:exploration of the main body of foundation of the basic unit of villager autonomy

群众是村民自治的主体,群众参与是村民自治不可或缺的环节。研究发现,群众参与程度越高,即参与动机越强烈和参与意愿越强烈,村民自治成效越显著。从历史实践来看,人民公社单元和建制村单元的规模太大,群众距离利益远,利益分享难,参与程度低,导致自治空转。为了村民自治有效实现,群众参与的自治基本单元应该落在规模较小、利益距离近的自然村或村民小组。在自治实践中,可以选择自治有效利益引导有序参与、寻找规模适度自治单元降低参与成本和坚持高认同规模进行互动共治,促使村民自治真正落地。

The masses are the main body of the villager autonomy. Mass participation is an indispensable part of the villager autonomy. The study found that the higher the level of participation of the mass, namely, the more intense the motivation of participation and willingness of participation, the better the villager autonomy. From the historical practice, the size of people commune unit and the system village unit is too large, so people achieve less interests from both, and the interests of people are difficult to be unified, and level of participation is low, leading to autonomy idling. In order to effectively implement villager autonomy, the participation of mass in the basic unit should fall in the smaller and closer natural villages or village groups. It is ideal to choose the effective interest to guide the orderly participation, search an appropriate scale unit is s to reduce costs of participation and adhere to high scale recognition to interact with the aim that villager autonomy can really be achieved.