《左传》郑庄公传叙

On“Duke Zhuang of Zheng”of Commentary of Zuo

作为编年体史书,《左传》叙事简要生动,微而显,志而晦,婉而成章,尽而不汙,惩恶而劝善。读解《左传》,需要立足坚实的文献资料,纵横贯通,且以现代学术眼光,融会新知,抉示其丰富的内蕴。郑庄公是春秋五霸出现之前的一代英雄,以其卓越的政治、军事才能,为东迁之后新郑的生存发展,打下了坚实的基础,提高了郑国的实力和影响力。郑庄公在历史演进中的对内、对外策略,彰显出复杂的政治环境、礼崩乐坏的文化现实以及人性的多样复杂性;也正是郑庄公之文化性格,使郑之强盛,及身而衰,失去历史的机遇,沦为附庸而艰难自保。

The narration of Commentary ofZuo, a book of chronological history, is brief but vivid, sophisti- cated but illusive, subtle but inspiring, passionate but rational, and political but instructive. A better under- standing of Commentary of Zuo demands a solid study of literatures from different perspectives, cross-sec- tional as well as horizontal, and integration of historical knowledge with modern vision. Duke Zhuang of Zheng is a hero before the advent of the five powers in the Spring and Autumn Period. With his outstanding political and military talents, Duke Zhuang of Zheng successfully helped his kingdom survive and thrive, af- ter the capital was moved to the east. A historical review of his domestic and foreign policies reveals the com- plexity of the political environment, the deterioration of rites, and the diversity of human nature. Due to Duke Zhuang＇ s cultural implementation, Zheng became powerful and influential; with Duke Zhuang＇ s death approaching, Zheng lost its historical importance and eventually became a vassal and declined.