不同砧木对设施嫁接西瓜生长及品质影响的综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of effects on growth and quality of facilities grafted watermelon of different rootstocks

试验采用8种不同类型的砧木与‘华铃’西瓜嫁接,研究不同砧木嫁接西瓜生长和果实品质的变异特征,以隶属函数值为依据,综合评价不同砧木嫁接对西瓜生长及果实品质的影响.结果表明:8种砧木均能显著提高西瓜生长势,砧木之间差异较大,嫁接西瓜苗株高、砧木茎粗、接穗茎粗和叶片数的变异系数分别为:14.47%、6.38%、11.92%和8.71%;嫁接西瓜平均增产率达43.33%,但产量的变异系数达15.27%,通过隶属函数综合分析长势与产量,依次为白籽南瓜类型的砧木、野生西瓜砧木、葫芦类型砧木、‘华铃’CK;不同砧木均显著增加了西瓜果皮厚度,但对果形指数影响较小,对于Vc含量影响最大,变异系数达56.78%,其次为可溶性糖、边糖和中心糖含量;不同砧木嫁接的西瓜品质综合隶属函数值均低于对照.

The change characteristics of the grafted watermelon plant growth vigor and fruit quality were measured by the same scion grafted on eight different rootstocks and the self-root grafting scion ‘Hualing’ as control,and effects of grafting on growth vigor and fruit quality were evaluated on the basis of membership values of plant growth and fruit quality calculated by the method of membership function. The results showed that eight different rootstocks all were significantly increased watermelon plant growth vigor,which were greatly difference in plant growth among rootstocks. The coefficient of variation of plant height, stock and scion stem diameter, leaf number were 14. 47%, 6.38%, 11.92% and 8.71%. Although the average rate of increasing yield was 43. 33 %, the coefficient of variation of yield was 15.27%. Through the Comprehensive Evaluation plant growth and yield on the basis of membership function, followed by Cucurbit moschata,calabash,wild watermelon rootstock and ＇Hualing; CK. Grafting had a significant effect on fruit quality of watermelon,markedly increased pericarp width, ower effect on soluble fruit shape index,higher effect on vitamine C,whose coefficients of variation were 56. 78% . The fruit quality was evaluated synthetically by calculating membership values of fruit quality indexes with membership function, which showed that the membership values of eight rootstocks grafting fruits were all lower than the values of CK.