广西先天性尿道下裂发生的影响因素分析

Factors influencing incidence of congenital hypospadias in Guangxi

目的探讨广西先天性尿道下裂发生的影响因素,为制定预防控制措施提供参考。方法对广西7个市373例先天性尿道下裂围产儿(病例组)及373例正常围产儿(对照组)的父母进行问卷调查,分析影响先天性尿道下裂发生的因素。结果病例组以母亲居住在农村为主(P<0.05),母亲孕前或孕期接触过物理性或者化学性伤害的比例高于对照组(P<0.05)。母亲孕早期进行优生优育检测、孕前及孕期服用叶酸是广西先天性尿道下裂发生的保护因素,而母亲孕早期患病是其危险因素(P<0.05)。结论避免主动或被动接触有毒有害物质,母亲孕早期避免患病并慎用药物,加强孕早期优生检测和服用叶酸是预防和减少先天性尿道下裂发生的主要措施。

Objective To explore the impact factors of the incidence of congenital hypospadias in Guangxi,and to provide the reference for formulating the prevention and control measures. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among parents of 373 prenatal infants with congenital hypospadias（case group） and 373 healthy prenatal infants（control group ） from 7 cities in Guangxi. The factors influencing the incidence of congenital hypospadias were analyzed. Results Most of the mothers in the case group lived in rural area （P 〈 0. 05）. The proportion of mothers＇ contact with physical or chemical hazards before or during pregnancy was higher in the case group compared to the proportion in the control group （P 〈0. 05）. The protective factors of the incidence of congenital hypospadias in Guangxi included eugenics detection in the first trimester and taking folic acid before and during pregnancy,while the risk factor was mothers＇ suffering from illness in the first trimester（P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The main measurements for protecting and reducing the incidence of congenial hypospadias include avoiding contact with poisons and hazardous materials actively or passively,preventing mothers from illness and taking medicines cautiously in the first trimester, strengthing eugenics detection in the first trimester and taking folic acid.