282例孕产妇预防梅毒母婴传播相关知识知晓情况调查

Investigation on knowledge awareness about syphilis prevention of mother-to-child transmission among 282 pregnant women

目的了解梅毒高发地区孕产妇预防梅毒母婴传播相关知识知晓情况，分析相关影响因素，探讨健康教育工作重点，为预防梅毒母婴传播工作开展提供依据。方法采用1：1配对病例对照研究方法，对浙江衢州、福建福安、湖南平江、四川内江地区的141例梅毒感染孕产妇（病例组）与141例非梅毒感染孕产妇（对照组）进行问卷调查，对调查结果进行统计分析。结果研究地区孕产妇预防梅毒母婴传播相关知识知晓率偏低（病例组23．45％，对照组20．19％），文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭人均年收入是两组预防梅毒母婴传播知识知晓情况的影响因素，文化程度为高中／中专／职高（OR=0．147，95％CI：0．038—0．569）为其保护因素，而婚姻为再婚（OR=9．977，95％CI：1．729～57．572）、5000≤家庭人均年收入〈10000（OR=4．003，95％CI：1．300—12．324）为其危险因素。结论调查地区孕产妇预防梅毒母婴传播相关知识知晓率低，这些地区孕产妇的预防梅毒母婴传播相关健康教育有待加强，梅毒传播途径和梅毒母婴传播相关知识是健康教育重点。

Objective To learn the awareness about knowledge on prevention of mother-to-child transmission （PMTCT） of syphilis among pregnant women in the areas with high prevalence of syphilis, and to analyze influencing factors and find out the key points of health education for providing evidence for conducting PMTCT program. Methods In the research 1 ： 1 matched case control study was used. The questionnaire survey was conducted among 141 syphilis-infected pregnant women （case group） and 141 syphilis-uninfected pregnant women （control group） from Quzhou City of Zhejiang Province, Fuan City of Fujian Province, Pingjiang County of HuMan Province and Neijiang City of Sichuan Province. The survey results were analyzed. Results The awareness rate of knowledge on PMTCT of syphilis among pregnant women in research areas was low （23.45% in the case group, 20.19% in the control group）. Educational level, marriage status and household annual income per person were influencing factors. Educational level of high school, technical secondary school and vocational high school （OR =0. 147, 95% CI： 0. 038 - 0. 569） was protective factor, while marriage status for remarried （ OR = 9. 977, 95% CI： 1. 729 -57. 572） and 5000 ≤ household annual income per person 〈 10000 （ OR = 4. 003,95 % CI： 1. 300 - 12. 324 ） were risk factors. Conclusion The awareness rate of PMTCT of syphilis of pregnant women in research areas is low. It is necessary to strength health education on PMTCT of syphilis among pregnant women in high prevalence areas. The transmission routes and interventions of PMTCT of syphilis should be the emphasis of health education.