重度烧伤患儿不同病期父母照护体验的质性研究

A Qualitative Research on Parents Care Experience in Different Stages of Severe Burn of Their Children

目的深入了解重度烧伤患儿父母在患儿烧伤不同病期的照护体验,以期为提供适合患儿父母需求的护理服务提供依据。方法 2014年7月至2015年1月,采用目的抽样法,选取解放军第181医院烧伤科收治的16名重度以上烧伤患儿父母作为访谈对象,采用质性研究中的现象学研究法,对16名重度烧伤患儿父母进行面对面、半结构式的深入访谈,并以Colaizzi现象学研究法进行资料分析。结果提炼出关于重度烧伤患儿父母在患儿烧伤不同病期的照护体验的主要主题共6个,即承受较重的心理负担、生活重心转移、承受多重压力、信息支持不足、被患儿的护理问题困扰及期待心理。结论重度烧伤患儿父母在患儿烧伤不同病期的照护体验各有不同且动态变化,医护人员应及时为其提供情感支持,满足患儿父母的信息和技能需求;同时,呼吁建立完善的社会保障体系,普及公众烧伤预防和急救知识,为患儿及其家人提供一定的经济、社会及专业支持。

Objective To deeply understand the parents care experience in different stages of severe burn of their child, in order to provide reference for providing suitable nursing service for parents of child with severe burn.Methods By using phenomenological qualitative research method,the parents of 16 cases were analyzed by face-to-face, semi-structured in-depth interviews, and Colaizzi phenomenological method was applied to data analysis.Results Six themes were extracted：heavy psychological burden,shifting the centrality of life, bearing multiple pressures, lack of information support, nursing problems and expectation. Conclusion The parents＇ care experience in different stages of severe burn of their children was with dynamic changes, the medical staffs should timely provide emotional support and fulfill the needs of relevant information and skills. In the meantime,there calling is for the establishment of a perfect social security system, the popularization of public burn prevention and first aid knowledge, thus to provide a certain degree of economic support, social and medical professional support to patients and their families.