儿童意外伤害相关原因的质性研究

Qualitative Research of the Related Reasons of Children Unintentional Injury

目的探讨儿童意外伤害的深层次原因,为制定防护儿童意外伤害的安全策略提供依据。方法 2013年3-7月,采用目的抽样法选取复旦大学附属儿科医院的医护人员及患儿看护者进行半结构式访谈,采用现象学分析法分析资料。结果儿童意外伤害相关原因主要有3个主题:儿童看护者安全意识淡薄,包括儿童看护者监管不力、对安全教育知识的求知欲低、安全设施利用率低;经济水平与儿童安全环境的不匹配性,包括社区环境和道路环境;社会重视程度不高。结论儿童看护者的安全意识薄弱是儿童发生意外伤害的主要原因;提高社会的整体关注度、建立与经济水平相匹配的安全环境,有助于减少儿童意外伤害的发生。

Objective To explore the deep reasons in children＇s unintentional injury,in order to provide references for the development of children safety protection strategy. Methods By purpose sampling method, the medical staffs and the parents of injured children were selected and investigated by using semi- structured interviews,and the data was analyzed with phenomenological analysis. Results Three themes were extracted：weak safety consciousness of children＇s caregivers including lack of supervision in children, low intention to learn safety education knowledge, and low utilization rate of safety facilities; mismatching of economic level and children＇s security environment,including community environment and road environment;less social attention.Conclusion The weak safety consciousness of children＇s caregivers is the main reason of children＇s unintentional injury.Increasing social attention, and creating the security environment which in accordance with the economic level can help to reduce the incidence of children＇s unintentional injury.