地形与橡胶园风害的关系——1409号超强台风“威马逊”对海南橡胶园风害的调查

Relationship Between Topography and Wind Damages to Rubber Plantation: a Wind Damage Survey of Typhoon Ramasun in Hainan in 2014

对1409号"威马逊"台风造成的海南橡胶园(简称胶园)的损害展开调查,分析了不同地形因子与胶园风害的关系。结果表明:胶园风害不仅与风力有关,而且还与胶园的立地环境有关,胶园风害率由重至轻依次为:坡顶﹥坡底﹥坡中,迎风坡﹥侧风坡﹥背风坡,但若存在其他地形因素影响,坡位与坡向之间的风害率差异不明显。坡度越大风害越重,周边环境有遮挡物的胶园风害明显小于处在空旷区的胶园,特殊地形的胶园风害与其所处位置有关。

Typhoon Ramasun slashed Hainan Island on July 18, 2014 in Hainan, China. A survey of wind damages to rubber plantations in Hainan, China was made twice in July and August 2014 in the aftermath of the attack of the typhoon to study the relationship of different topographical factors with the wind damages to the rubber plantations in Hainan. The wind damages to the rubber plantations were found to be related with wind forces and also with the site environment of the rubber plantations. The severity of the wind damages to the rubber planta- tions was in the order of the top 〉 the bottom 〉 the middle of slope, or of the windward 〉 the crosswind 〉 the leeward slope. However, if there were other topographical factors affecting the wind damage to the rubber plantations, no obvious difference of the wind damage rate was observed between slope position and aspect. The wind damage rate increased with the slope degree, and it was obviously less in the rubber plantations with shelter belts than in those without shelter belts. The wind damage rate in special landforms was related to the location of the rubber plantation.