统购统销:农产品社会生产过程的国家化

On Unified Purchase and Sale for Nationalization of Social Production Process for Agricultural Products

作为我国计划经济时期物资短缺造就的产物,统购统销是一项完整的制度体系。国家通过"定产、定购、定交、定销和定消"来对其实行严格管控和计划管理,从而实现农产品资源供求的国家化,并把国家权力纵向地从中央延伸到乡村,甚至到农户家庭中,还横向地扩展到农产品的社会生产、分配、交换、流通和消费领域,完全控制了农产品社会生产整个过程,并以此赋予农产品国家的属性,强化社会对国家的认同,达到对社会进行渗透与整合的目的。

As a product in the period of China＇ s planned economy created by the shortage of materials, unified purchase and sale is a complete system. The system is strictly controlled and managed by the state through fixed production, purchasing, transaction, sales and fixed consumption in order to control the supply and demand of agricultural products completely. The state not only extends the state power longitudinally from the central to the countryside, even to the peasant family, but also extends state power laterally to the area of social production, distribution, exchange, circulation and consumption of the agricultural products. Thus, it completely controls the whole process of the social production of agricultural products, gives the national characteristics of agricultural products, and strengthens the national identity of the community, as well as achieves the purpose of social penetration and integration.