一柱式藏式古建筑木构架结构静力分析

The Static Analysis of a Pillar of Ancient Tibetan Architectural Wood Frame Structure

为研究藏式古建筑中较为普遍的木梁柱构架的力学性能,利用非线性有限元方法,建立梁柱构架的实体模型.在上层集中荷载和楼面均布荷载作用下,利用工具软件得到构架应力、应变及剪力图形.分析结果表明:在给定荷载作用下,梁端约束部位的应力最大,柱底的反方向应力最大;梁和弓木均发生受弯变形,且方向相反;组件之间通过接触面挤压、摩擦传递荷载.结果发现垫木作为横纹承压构件最先破坏,同时这种连接方式极易发生侧移和扭转.

In order to study the mechanical properties of a kind of popularly used wooden beam-- column frame of Tibetan ancient architecture, the solid model of beam-column frame is built by u- sing nonlinear finite element method. The stress, strain and shear diagram of the framework is obtained by the tool software under the concentrated load and uniformly distributed load on the upper floor. The analysis results show that in the role of a given load, the maximum stress ap- pears at the binding site of the beam and the maximum stress of opposite direction appears at the bottom of the column; the bending deformation occurs on both the beam and bow wood, and their directions are opposite; the load transfers by extrusion and friction between the contact surface of the component. The results show that the pedestal firstly fails as a compression member,and this kind of connection is extremely prone to lateral displacement and torsion.