牲畜粪便沼气发酵过程中微生物丰度变化分析

Analysis on Abundance Changes of Microorganisms during Biogas Fermentation of Livestock Dung

微生物在沼气发酵过程中起着重要的作用,采用实时荧光定量(quantitative real-time PCR,q PCR)技术检测了牲畜粪便沼气发酵过程中微生物的丰度变化。结果表明:夏季沼液样品中16S rRNA基因丰度从7.88×108copies/m L到6.35×1010copies/m L,平均为1.78×1010copies/m L,冬季沼液样品中16S rRNA基因丰度从4.04×108copies/m L到7.28×1010copies/m L,平均为1.89×1010copies/m L,而且新鲜猪粪、新鲜水牛粪及其混合物在发酵过程中其微生物丰度演变规律与其产气情况相一致。说明微生物在牲畜粪便沼气发酵过程决定着沼气发酵的产量和质量。

Microorganisms played critical roles in biogas fermentation. Abundance changes of microorganisms during biogas fermentation of livestock dung were tested by quantitative real-time PCR （qPCR）. Results showed that the gene abundance of 16S rRNA in biogas liquid samples in summer ranged from 7.88 ×10^8 copies/mL to 6. 35×10^10 copies/mL, with an average of 1.78 ×10^10 copies/mL. The gene abundance of 16S rRNA in biogas liquid samples in winter ranged from 4. 04 ×10^8 copies/mL to 7.28×10^10 copies/mL, with an average of 1.89×10^10 copies/mL. The abundance change regularity of microorganisms during biogas fermentation of fresh pig dung, fresh cow dung and their mixtures was consist- ent with their biogas production performance, which indicated that microorganisms decided quantity and quality of biogas production in biogas fermentation of livestock dung.