残疾人社会工作理论探讨

An Exploration on Theories of the Social Work for the Disabled

随着中国残疾人事业的迅速发展,残疾人社会工作理论也获得长足进步,并成为残疾人事业的重要组成部分。残疾人社会工作理论是由基础理论、专业理论、政策理论和历史理论所构成的一种体系。残疾人社会工作体系中,基础理论是核心,是支撑;专业理论是骨骼,是依托;政策理论是应用,是拓展;历史理论是历程,是趋势。四个层次相互联系、相互促进,有共时性和共在性,即在时间和空间上共同存在和共同发展。深入探讨残疾人社会工作理论的本质及其框架体系,不仅有助于认清残疾人社会工作理论的显著特色,把握残疾人社会工作理论与残疾人事业的结合点,促进残疾人社会工作理论的吸收借鉴,而且也有助于理解残疾人社会工作理论的实践基础,把握残疾人社会工作的具体规律,提高为残疾人服务的水平和能力。

For more than 20 years,with the rapid development of China's undertakings for the disabled,social work theory of the disabled has also obtained rapid progress,and become an important part of the undertakings for disabled persons.The Chinese social work theory of disabled persons is a system composing of the basic theory,the specialized theory,policy theory and the theory of history.Under this theoretical frame,the position and function of four theoretical levels are different.The foundation theory is the core and support;the specialty theory is bone and dependence;the policy theory is application and expansion; the theory of history is course and trend.Meanwhile,the four levels of theory are interrelated with each other and promote each other,have the synchronic namely,exist and develop in the same time and space. Further discussion about the essence of social work theory of the disabled and its frame system helps not only in realizing the distinct features of the social work among the disabled in China,grasping the joint point combining the theory and practical work for the disabled which promotes the absorption of the theories of the social work for the disabled,but also in understanding the practical basis of the theories of the social work for the disabled and grasping the specific laws in the social work for the disabled which enhances the level of service for the disabled.