敦煌吐鲁番摩尼教文献研究述评

The relate and critical on the Mani transcript discovered from Dunhuang and Turfan

19世纪末20世纪初以来,敦煌、吐鲁番等地相继出土了多件摩尼教文献,既有汉文,也有回鹘文、摩尼文、粟特文、波斯文等,为丝绸之路沿线摩尼教的传播提供了重要依据,深受国内外学术界的重视,涌现出非常丰硕的研究成果。学界对汉文写本的研究,主要集中于敦煌三经,即《下部赞》《摩尼光佛法仪略》和《摩尼教残经》,此外,则主要关注于《老子化胡经》和《佛性经》。对回鹘文写本的关注,则主要集中于《摩尼教徒忏悔词》《牟羽可汗入教记》《摩尼教寺院文书》等。新近发现的霞浦摩尼教文献,明显与敦煌摩尼教文献同源,可谓敦煌学的新延展;福建摩尼教由回鹘僧人所传,同样也可谓回鹘摩尼教研究的新延展。

There were abundant Manichean literatures unearthed from Dunhuang and Turfan during the late century 19 to the early century 20, which were written in Chinese characters, Uygur, Mani, Sogdian, and Persian and so on. What the literatures provide full evidences of the Manichean＇ s spread, so that deeply respected in the academic circles made of Chinese and foreigners, flooded very abundant fruits. When the studying in Chinese Manichean transcripts, they concentrated in the three famous sutras discovers in Dunhuang, then in the ＂ sutra of change the barbarian＂, ＂Buddha nature＂, when Uygur transcript, they focus in the ＂Maniche- an confessions the script in temples＂. These years, we discover rich Mani - scripts from the Xiapu in Fujian, because that which are same as those from Dunhuang and Turfan, then we could see the studying in Xiapu＇ s Mani - scripts as the extending of Duhuang - olgy ; the Man- ichean in Fujian were spread by the Uygur monks, and which could also be thought of the new extending of the study of Manichaeism.