黑龙江省粮食生产与耗水问题探讨

A Study on Grain Production and its Water Consumption in Heilongjiang Province

在传统的水资源视角下,黑龙江省存在水资源与中国重要的商品粮生产基地地位不匹配、水资源潜力难于进一步挖掘的困境。依据黑龙江统计年鉴、黑龙江省水资源公报等发布的统计数据,采用水分利用效率和粮食产量估算了黑龙江省近10年的粮食耗水量。数据分析结果表明:降水不仅滋养了旱田粮食作物,也为稻田提供了数量可观的水量,是维系黑龙江省粮食生产的主要水源;应将降水作为基本的水资源,在节约农业用水量的同时,深入挖掘黑龙江省降水资源潜力,巩固和提升黑龙江省粮食产能。

From the conventional view, water resources in Heilongiiang Province does not match its status of the important commodity grain production base in China, and faces adverse conditions for further developing potential of water resources. Based on the published data from ＂Heilongjiang Statistical Yearbook＂ and ＂Heilongjiang Province Water Resources Bulletin＂, etc, the water consumption of grain crops in Heilongjiang Province in the past 10 years is estimated through assessing water use efficiency and crop yields. The results indicate that rainfall not only nourishes dry crops, but also provides considerable quantities of water for rice fields, which means that rainfall is the main water source for maintaining grain production in Heilongjiang Province. So rainfall should be used as the basic water resources, and further development for potential of precipitation should be conducted to enhance and improve grain production capacity in Heilongjiang Province.