3个竹种的花粉特性观察及花粉培养和贮藏条件筛选

Observation on pollen character and selection of pollen culture and storage conditions of three bamboo species

竹类植物的营养生长期很长,大多数竹种开花后即死亡,因而对竹类开花生物学及生殖生物学的研究相对较少^（[1-2]）。花粉萌发和贮藏特性是竹类开花生物学特性研究的重要内容之一,目前主要集中于花粉粒的形态和活力等方面，关于竹类花粉萌发和贮藏条件的相关研究尚不多见。

Pollen character and viability of Shibataea chinensis Nakai, Bambusa multiplex （Lout.） Raeusch. ex Schult. et J. H. Schult. and Arundinaria simonii f. heterophyllus （ Makino et Shirasawa） Muro were observed, and suitable culture and storage conditions of pollen were selected by taking pollen germination rate as the index. Results show that pollen of three bamboo species is nearly spherical with a single aperture, obvious pore ring and cover, aperture is concave. The highest germination rate of S. chinensis, B. multiplex and A. simonii f. heterophyllus is 9. 1% , 15.8% and 76.5%, respectively. Suitable cuhure medium for pollens of S. chinensis and B. multiplex contains boric acid and sucrose with mass ratios of 0. 001% and 15%, respectively, while that for pollen of A. simonii f. heterophyllus contains boric acid and sucrose with mass ratios of 0. 001% and 20%, respectively, and the appropriate culture time is less than 3 h. The suitable storage conditions for pollen of A. simonii f. heterophyllus are storing fresh pollen under 4 ℃ or -5℃ for less than 10 h.