近10年来长江河口北港上段河道水域水动力及含沙量变化特征（英文）

Variations in tidal currents and suspended sediment concentration of the upper part of the North Channel of Changjiang Estuary over the past 10 years

基于2011年12月和2012年6月洪、枯季大潮北港上段河道水域的现场水文观测资料,以及1999、2002、2003、2004、2005、2006、2007、2010年历史水文测验资料,分析潮流历时、流速、优势流和含沙量等水沙现状和变化特征,并探讨近年来该水域水沙变化的主要影响因素。结果表明:(1)目前北港上段河道水域落潮占主导优势;青草沙水库和长江大桥建成后,落潮优势明显增强,洪季大潮涨、落潮垂线平均含沙量减少,枯季大潮涨、落潮垂线平均含沙量增多;(2)流域径流量的季节性变化是造成北港上段河道水域垂线平均流速洪季大、枯季小的主要原因;大型工程的建设是该水域落潮优势增强的主要影响因素;北港上段河道水域含沙量变化可能与近岸工程建设、入海泥沙量减少等因素有关。

The tidal current duration （TCD） and velocity （TCV） and suspended sediment concentration （SSC） were measured in the dry season in December, 2011 and in the flood season in June, 2012 at the upper part of the North Channel of Changjiang Estuary. They were assimilated with the measured data in 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2007, using the tidal range＇s proportion conversion. Variations in TCD and TCV, preferential flow and SSC have been calculated. Influences of typical engineering projects such as Qingcaosha fresh water reservoir, Yangtze River Bridge, and land reclamation on the ebb and flood TCD, TCV and SSC in the North Channel for the last 10 years are discussed. The results show that： （1） currently, in the upper part of North Channel, the ebb tide dominates; after the construction of the typical projects, ebb TCD and TCV tends to be larger and the vertical average ebb and flood SSC decrease during the flood season while SSC increases during the dry season; （2） changes in the vertical average TCV are mainly contributed by seasonal runoff variation during the flood season, which is larger in the flood season than that in the dry season; the controlling parameters of increasing ebb TCD and TCV are those large-scale engineering projects in the North Channel; variation in SSC may result mainly from the reduction of basin annual sediment loads, large-scale nearshore projects and so on.